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Tag: nonce

Dynamic scripts with CSP (Content Security Policy)

Ned 3 Comments

An ASP.NET WebForms project adds several scripts to the page on the fly. Since these scripts don’t exist in the compile time, how to whitelist these dynamic scripts with CSP?

The title and the first paragraph may sound pretty abstract. Let’s look at the fundamentals first.

Are you receiving “Custom JavaScript is not allowed” error? Check this post out.

What is CSP (Content Security Policy)?

CSP is an HTTP header that we use to prevent cross site scripting (XSS) and packet sniffing attacks. Long story short: By using CSP header, we tell the browser which scripts or other resources we trust. The browser executes these resources and ignores the rest.

Here is an example CSP header:

object-src 'none';  script-src 'nonce-{random}' 'unsafe-inline'

As mentioned in this article, this header means:

object-src 'none' Prevents fetching and executing plugin resources embedded using <object>, <embed> or <applet> tags. The most common example is Flash.

script-src nonce-{random} 'unsafe-inline' The nonce directive means that <script> elements will be allowed to execute only if they contain a nonce attribute matching the randomly-generated value which appears in the policy.

Note: In the presence of a CSP nonce the unsafe-inline directive will be ignored by modern browsers. Older browsers, which don’t support nonces, will see unsafe-inline and allow inline scripts to execute.

For more information about CSP:

If the browser blocks a resource because it doesn’t comply with CSP, you will see this error in browser logs:

Refused to execute inline script because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive: “script-src ‘self'”. Either the ‘unsafe-inline’ keyword, a hash, or a nonce is required to enable inline execution.

Dynamic scripts with CSP

How to prevent executing dynamic scripts with CSP?

Using unsafe-inline removes the error above (“Refuse to execute inline script“). However, it is not a secure way of whitelisting dynamically created scripts.

script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'

Other than using unsafe-inline, it doesn’t seem like there is another way to whitelist dynamic scripts with CSP. There are a few open questions below if you want to keep posted about future updates on this topic.